Table of Contents
I. THE PRESENT STATUS OF OFFSHORE WIND POWER 1
1.1. THE WHOLE SECTOR OF WIND POWER 1
1.1.1. Global wind power market review in 2011 1
1.1.2. The potential of wind power to meet high demand 2
1.2. OFFSHORE WIND POWER MARKET GROWTH 2
II. OFFSHORE WIND TECHNOLOGY 3
2.1. OFFSHORE VERSUS ONSHORE WIND POWER 4
2.2. THE KEY OFFSHORE WIND TURBINE TECHNOLOGY 7
2.3. TECHNICAL DIFFICULTIES OF OFFSHORE WIND 8
2.3.1. The problem of stability 8
2.3.2. Manufacturing and transport 9
2.3.3. Installation and grid 9
2.4. OFFSHORE WIND TURBINE DEVELOPMENT AND CURRENT SITUATION 10
2.4.1. 500 ~ 600 kW-class Prototype 10
2.4.2. The first generation of commercial MW offshore wind turbine development 11
2.4.3. Applications of the second generation MW wind turbines 11
2.4.4. Development and utilization of third Generation MW wind turbine 11
2.4.5. Cutting-edge Offshore Technology 12
2.5. THE WORLD'S MAJOR OFFSHORE WIND TURBINE MANUFACTURERS 13
2.5.1. Industry actors’ point of view 14
III. THE EU OFFSHORE WIND POWER REVIEW 15
3.1. KEY MARKET FEATURES OF THE WHOLE WIND POWER SECTOR IN THE EU IN 2010 16
3.2. KEY TRENDS FOR OFFSHORE WIND POWER SECTOR IN THE EU IN 2010 18
3.3. OFFSHORE WIND POWER MARKET DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS IN THE EU IN 2011 AND BEYOND 24
3.4. INVESTMENT COSTS FOR OFFSHORE WIND BASED ON EU EXPERIENCES 27
IV. PERSPECTIVES FOR OFFSHORE WIND POWER IN CHINA 29
4.1. OVERVIEW ON OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY IN CHINA AND COMPARING IT TO ONSHORE WIND 31
4.2. CHALLENGES FOR OFFSHORE WIND POWER IN CHINA 33
V. OFFSHORE WIND FARM INVESTMENT COST ANALYSIS 35
5.1. TECHNO-ECONOMIC FEATURES OF OFFSHORE WIND FARMS 36
5.1.1. Wind Turbines 36
5.1.3. Electrical system 40
5.2. THE INVESTMENT COSTS OF OFFSHORE WIND FARMS 41
5.2.1. Turbine cost 41
5.2.2. Foundation cost 42
5.2.3. Electrical system cost 43
5.2.4. Grid interface cost 46
5.3. COST MODEL APPLICATION 47
5.4. CASE STUDY – DONGHAI BRIDGE RETURN ON INVESTMENT ANALYSIS 50
5.4.1. Profit estimation for Donghai Bridge offshore wind farm 51
Ⅵ OFFSHORE WIND POWER DATABANK 54
6.1 OFFSHORE WIND POWER SUPPLY CHAIN AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT NETWORK IN CHINA 54
6.1.1 Overview of actors and their activity within the supply-chain 54
6.1.2 Turbine manufacturing companies in China 58
6.1.3 Offshore wind farm development life-cycle 61
6.1.4 Offshore wind turbines - The commercially available models 65
6.1.5 Wind farm database (China UK Denmark Germany) 70
Ⅶ OFFSHORE WIND POWER RESEARCH CONCLUSIONS 239
List Of Figures
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List Of Tables
Table 2009-2011 China Germany UK Denmark etc 12 Countries Offshore Wind Power New and Cumulative Installed Capacity (MW) 2
Figure 2011 UK Germany Denmark China etc 10 Countries Operating Under Construction Authorised Submitted Concept Offshore Wind Power Capacity and Total Capacity (MW) 3
Figure 1985-2011 Offshore Wind Turbine Development Trend (0.5MW-10MW) 10
Figure Offshore Wind Turbine (Direct Drive) Structure 12
Table The major global offshore wind turbine manufacturers (Sinovel Vestas etc 9 manufacturers ) and product Specifications list 13
Figure 1995-2011 EU Wind Turbine New Installed and Cumulative Installed Capacity (MW) and Growth Rate 17
Figure 2011 EU Germany etc 7 Major Countries Wind Turbine New Installed Capacity (MW) and Market Share 17
Figure 2011 EU Germany etc 10 Major Countries Wind Turbine Cumulative Installed Capacity (MW) and Market Share 18
Figure 2011 UK Denmark Belgium Germany Offshore Wind Turbine New Installed Capacity(MW) and Market Share 19
Figure 2000-2011 EU Onshore Offshore Wind Turbine New Installed Capacity (MW) and Market Share 19
Figure 2011 UK Denmark etc 8 EU Countries Offshore Wind Turbine Cumulative Installed Capacity (MW) and Market Share 20
Figure Development Status of Northern Europe Offshore Wind Power Cable 23
Figure 2010 and 2020 EU Onshore and Offshore Wind Turbine New Installed Capacity (MW) 25
Table Germany UK Italy New Offshore Wind Farm Project to be completed in 2011 25
Table 1991-2011 EU(EK DK NL BEL SWE GER FIN IRL) Offshore Wind Turbine Cumulative Installed Capacity (MW) and Total EU Cumulative Installed Capacity (MW) 26
Table UK GE FR NL ES IR DE IT GR SE Malta PT 12 Countries 2020 Offshore and Onshore Wind Turbine Cumulative Installed Capacity Target (MW) and Market Share 26
Table Offshore Wind Farm Cost (Euro/MW) and Market Share (%) 27
Table Offshore Wind Turbine Foundation Installation Grid Connection Others Cost (Euro/KW) by Different Distance(0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-100 100-200 >200Km) 28
Table Offshore Wind Turbine Foundation Installation Grid Connection Others Cost (Euro/KW) by Different Water Depth(10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 m) 28
Figure Offshore wind related policy mechanisms for renewable energy in China during 2010 32
Figure Offshore wind farm general layout 37
Figure Offshore Wind Turbine Gravitation construction (suitable for little applications in shallow waters) Flow 37
Figure Offshore Wind Turbine Tripod construction (exploitable in medium depth waters and on hard floors) Flow 38
Table Turbine costs (M€/MW) of UK wind farms 41
Table UK IRL USA Four Offshore Wind Farm Foundation cost (K€) – comparison of different measures for developed projects 43
Table Submarine MV cable manufacturing cost (k€/km) By Cable Section (mm2) 44
Table Cable transport and installation cost (k€/km) 44
Table HV Bus-bar and switchgear cost [k€] 45
Table Onshore HV cables and lines cost (k€/km) 46
Figure Model wind farm layout (150 MW; 50x3-MW) 48
Table 150MW Offshore Wind Farm Cost breakdown (Turbine Foundation Collection System Transmission System SCADA etc (K€)) of total investment cost of the model wind farm in radial design of China Shanghai Donghai Bridge Demonstration Project 48
Table 150MW Offshore Wind Farm Investment cost (K€) of the model wind farm in different shore distance and sea depth (Distance3-10KM Sea Depth10-25m) 49
Figure 150MW Offshore Wind Farm Investment costs (K€) for increasing installed power at different voltage levels [150 230KV] 49
Table China Shanghai Donghai Bridge Offshore Wind Farm General Information (Capacity Turbine Supplier Developer etc) 50
Figure 2010-2036 Shanghai Donghai Bridge returns on investment (Million RMB) 53
Table Offshore Wind Supply Chain (Turbine Control System Wind Test Strategic and Policy Investors Construction Monitoring Energy Assessment Operator Post Construction Services etc) and Operation Management Network in China 54
Table China Major Offshore Wind Turbine Manufacturers (Sinovel Goldwind etc) Information List 59
Table Offshore Wind Farm Project Development Life Cycle 61
Table Global 47 Offshore Wind Turbine Models Product Specifications (Power Cut in Wind Speed Rotor Blade Tower Length) List 65
Table China Offshore Wind Farm Generating Power (4 Farms) and Under Construction (8 Farms) Capacity (MW) Turbine Model Rotor Diameter Water Depth Distance Project Cost Operators etc Information List 70
Table China Offshore Wind Farm Consent Authorised (6 Farms) Capacity (MW) Turbine Model Rotor Diameter Water Depth Distance Project Cost Operators etc Information List 78
Table China Offshore Wind Farm Consent Application Submitted (9 Farms) Capacity (MW) Turbine Model Rotor Diameter Water Depth Distance Project Cost Operators etc Information List 80
Table China Offshore Wind Farm Concept/Early Planning (55 Farms) Capacity (MW) Turbine Model Rotor Diameter Water Depth Distance Project Cost Operators etc Information List 84
Table UK Offshore Wind Farm Generating Power (14 Farms) Capacity (MW) Turbine Model Rotor Diameter Water Depth Distance Project Cost Operators etc Information List 99
Table UK Offshore Wind Farm Under Construction (2 Farms) Capacity (MW) Turbine Model Rotor Diameter Water Depth Distance Project Cost Operators etc Information List 137
Table UK Offshore Wind Farm Consent Authorised (7 Farms) Capacity (MW) Turbine Model Rotor Diameter Water Depth Distance Project Cost Operators etc Information List 142
Table UK Offshore Wind Farm Consent Application Submitted (6 Farms) Capacity (MW) Turbine Model Rotor Diameter Water Depth Distance Project Cost Operators etc Information List 151
Table UK Offshore Wind Farm Concept/Early Planning (38 Farms) Capacity (MW) Turbine Model Rotor Diameter Water Depth Distance Project Cost Operators etc Information List 156
Table Denmark Offshore Wind Farm Generating Power (12 Farms) Capacity (MW) Turbine Model Rotor Diameter Water Depth Distance Project Cost Operators etc Information List 183
Table Denmark Offshore Wind Farm Consent Authorised (2 Farms) Capacity (MW) Turbine Model Rotor Diameter Water Depth Distance Project Cost Operators etc Information List 189
Table Denmark Offshore Wind Farm Concept/Early Planning (5 Farms) Capacity (MW) Turbine Model Rotor Diameter Water Depth Distance Project Cost Operators etc Information List 191
Table Germany Offshore Wind Farm Generating Power (5 Farms) Capacity (MW) Turbine Model Rotor Diameter Water Depth Distance Project Cost Operators etc Information List 193
Table Germany Offshore Wind Farm Under Construction (1 Farm) Capacity (MW) Turbine Model Rotor Diameter Water Depth Distance Project Cost Operators etc Information List 196
Table Germany Offshore Wind Farm Consent Authorised (18 Farms) Capacity (MW) Turbine Model Rotor Diameter Water Depth Distance Project Cost Operators etc Information List 197
Table Germany Offshore Wind Farm Consent Application Submitted (56 Farms) Capacity (MW) Turbine Model Rotor Diameter Water Depth Distance Project Cost Operators etc Information List 212
Table Germany Offshore Wind Farm Concept/Early Planning (15 Farms) Capacity (MW) Turbine Model Rotor Diameter Water Depth Distance Project Cost Operators etc Information List 234
Figure 2009-2016 China Offshore Wind Turbine New Installed Capacity (MW) and Growth Rate 240
Figure 2009-2016 China Offshore Wind Turbine Cumulative Installed Capacity (MW) and Growth Rate 241
Figure 2009-2016 China Wind Turbine (Offshore+Onshore) New Installed Capacity (MW) and Growth Rate 242
Figure 2009-2016 China Wind Turbine (Offshore+Onshore) Cumulative Installed Capacity (MW) and Growth Rate 243
Table 2009-2016 China Offshore Onshore Wind Turbine New and Cumulative Installed Capacity (MW) List 244
Table 2009-2016 China Offshore Onshore Wind Turbine New and Cumulative Installed Capacity Market Share 244
Figure 2009-2016 Global Offshore Wind Turbine New Installed Capacity (MW) and Growth Rate 246
Figure 2009-2016 Global Offshore Wind Turbine Cumulative Installed Capacity (MW) and Growth Rate 247
Figure 2009-2016 Global Wind Turbine (Offshore+Onshore) New Installed Capacity (MW) and Growth Rate 248
Figure 2009-2016 Global Wind Turbine (Offshore+Onshore) Cumulative Installed Capacity (MW) and Growth Rate 249
Table 2009-2016 Global Offshore Onshore Wind Turbine New and Cumulative Installed Capacity (MW) List 250
Table 2009-2016 Global Offshore Onshore Wind Turbine New and Cumulative Installed Capacity Market Share 250
Table 2009-2016 China Global Offshore Wind Turbine New Installed Capacity (MW) and China Proportion in Global Market 251
Table 2009-2016 China Global Offshore Wind Turbine Cumulative Installed Capacity (MW) and China Proportion in Global Market 251
Table 2009-2016 China Offshore Turbine Price Installation Cost (RMB/KW) and Their Market Share 252
Table 2009-2016 China Onshore Turbine Price Installation Cost (RMB/KW) and Their Market Share 252
Table 2009-2016 China Offshore Wind Turbine Price and Onshore Wind Tutrbine Price (RMB/KW) and Comparison Analysis 253
Table 2009-2016 Global Offshore Turbine Price Installation Cost (€/KW) and Their Market Share 254
Table 2009-2016 Global Onshore Turbine Price Installation Cost (€/KW) and Their Market Share 254
Table 2009-2016 Global Offshore Wind Turbine Price and Onshore Wind Tutrbine Price (€/KW) and Comparison Analysis 255
Table 2009-2016 Sinovel Goldwind Shanghai Electric etc China local Offshore Wind Turbine Suppliers New Installed Capacity (MW) and Market Share 255
